Environmentally damaging levels of illegal drugs have been found in the river running through the Glastonbury Festival site in England, scientists said.
Researchers discovered that during the festival, levels of MDMA and cocaine in the water were so high it could be harming wildlife further downstream, including rare populations of eels.
The experts are now urging greenfield festival revellers to use the official toilets provided by organisers, as it is thought the drugs can enter nearby rivers through public urination.
Dan Aberg, a Masters student in the School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, worked with Dr Daniel Chaplin from the Centre for Environmental Biotechnology (CEB) to measure levels of illicit drugs before, during and after the Glastonbury Festival when it was last held in 2019.
Samples were taken from the Whitelake River both upstream and downstream of the festival site.
The study found that MDMA concentrations quadrupled the week after the festival, suggesting long-term release from the site.
They also discovered that cocaine concentrations rose to levels known to affect the lifecycle of European eels, a protected species.
Mr Aberg said: “Illicit drug contamination from public urination happens at every music festival.
“The level of release is unknown, but festivals undoubtedly are an annual source of illicit drug release.”
He added: “Unfortunately, Glastonbury Festival’s close proximity to a river results in any drugs released by festival attendees having little time to degrade in the soil before entering the fragile freshwater ecosystem.”
The researchers suggest studies should be conducted into possible treatment via environmentally friendly methods, such as constructed treatment wetlands, in order to minimise the release and impact of illicit drugs from festivals.
Information on the harmful effects of public urination should continue to be provided to festival attendees to reduce the contamination of natural resources, they add.
Dr Christian Dunn, from Bangor University, said: “Our main concern is the environmental impact. This study identifies that drugs are being released at levels high enough to disrupt the lifecycle of the European eel, potentially derailing conservation efforts to protect this endangered species.
“Education is essential for environmental issues, just as people have been made aware of the problems of plastic pollution, and Glastonbury have made great efforts to become plastic-free, we also need to raise awareness around drug and pharmaceutical waste – it is a hidden, worryingly-understudied yet potentially devastating pollutant.”
